FAQ
12 resultsNotaries, who specialize in succession planning, are the right advisors for a testamentary trust. They will be able to tell you whether this type of planning is appropriate for you.Dans le cadre d'une succession « ordinaire », le legs d'une somme ou d'un bien est éventuellement remis à l'héritier désigné. En matière de fiducie testamentaire, l'objet du legs n'est pas directement remis à l'héritier, mais plutôt à une fiducie. C'est elle qui assumera par la suite la gestion des sommes en fonction des directives que vous aurez prévues dans le testament.
In order to benefit from the protections of the law, the settlement of a succession requires that each of the steps be carried out in accordance with the law, from the day of death until the final delivery of the property to the heirs. Standard procedures include, but are not limited to, the following: - Obtaining proof of death - Performing a will search - Having the will probated - Opening an account at a financial institution - Analyzing testamentary dispositions - Appointing a liquidator if there is no will - Making the inventory - Exercising the heirs’ option - Claiming life insurance, pension and annuity benefits - Completing tax formalities - Liquidating the family patrimony and matrimonial rights - Publishing notices - Managing the succession’s assets - Paying debts and specific legacies - Rendering of accounts - Partitioning the succession’s assets - Delivering the property Where the succession is solvent, the heirs may unanimously decide to liquidate the succession without following the prescribed rules. However, if they do so, they will be required to pay the debts of the succession in excess of the value of the property they will take. We recommend that you be cautious and consult a notary in this regard.
Liquidating (settling) a succession involves several steps that must be carried out in accordance with the law. They begin on the day of death and continue until the final handing over of the property to the heirs.
This will is executed before a notary and a witness. It offers the greatest benefits.
A testamentary trust is a tool that makes it possible to give capital or income to certain persons without giving them control of the property or income, for control, tax or protection reasons. A testamentary trust makes it possible to give instructions, while you are alive, regarding the management of the sums bequeathed to one or more persons upon your death. It is often used to protect relatives who are more vulnerable. In the context of an “ordinary” succession, a bequeathed sum or asset will ultimately be handed over to the designated heir. With a testamentary trust, the legacy is not given directly to the heir, but rather to a trust, which will then be responsible for managing the sums according to the instructions in your will.
A liquidator is an administrator of a succession’s property. They are responsible for ensuring the complete execution of the deceased’s wishes and performing each of the steps in the liquidation of a succession. Any succession, whether it be testamentary or legal (without a will, also known as an intestate succession), must be settled by a liquidator. The person designated as liquidator is usually a trusted relative or friend of the testator. In a legal succession, this role is given to the heirs. They can perform their duties collectively, share the tasks, or designate one heir to act as liquidator. If the heirs do not agree among themselves, the court will appoint the liquidator of the succession. We invite you to contact a notary for more information on your rights and obligations.Dans une succession légale, ce rôle est dévolu aux héritiers. Ces derniers peuvent jouer collectivement ce rôle, se partager les tâches ou encore désigner l'un d'entre eux pour agir à titre de liquidateur. Si les héritiers ne s'entendent pas entre eux, c'est le tribunal qui désignera le liquidateur de la succession. Nous vous invitons à communiquer avec un notaire pour plus d'informations sur vos droits et vos obligations.
Quebec law recognizes three forms of wills: notarial wills, holograph wills and wills made in the presence of witnesses. A notarial will is drawn up according to your instructions by a notary. With the notary’s professional legal drafting skills, your last wishes will be expressed clearly and in accordance with the requirements of the law.
Any person interested in the succession who produces a copy of the death certificate issued by the Registrar of Civil Status may a request a will search with the Register of Testamentary Dispositions of Québec. However, the Civil Code expressly provides that the liquidator is responsible for establishing whether or not the deceased had made a will. You may also ask a notary to perform the necessary research. Finally, note that to respect the confidentiality of the process, the Register only shares the results of the search with the person who requested it.
Although there is no obligation to perform a will search, doing so is almost unavoidable. First, the deceased may have a will that is several years old or a more recent one that they preferred to keep secret. Second, financial institutions and government agencies require proof of a will search and a copy of the deceased’s last will before proceeding with the transfer of assets. A search in the Register of Testamentary Dispositions is the best way for the liquidator of a succession to fulfill their obligation to search for the deceased’s will. We invite you to contact a notary for more information on your rights and obligations.
A liquidator is usually appointed to a succession in the will. If there is no will, the responsibility falls, as of right, to the heirs, who will designate a liquidator by majority vote. The Civil Code does not require such appointment to be made by notarial act. However, a notarial act is certainly the best way for the appointed liquidator to prove their legitimacy to act with the financial institutions and creditors of the deceased. Finally, the court may also, at the request of an interested party, appoint a liquidator.
Quebec law recognizes three forms of wills: notarial wills, holograph wills and wills made in the presence of witnesses. A notarial will is drawn up according to your instructions by a notary. With the notary’s professional legal drafting skills, your last wishes will be expressed clearly and in accordance with the requirements of the law. A notarial will takes effect upon death and is not subject to probate. The law recognizes notaries’ status as a public officers, which enables them to invest wills with authenticity. Once they execute the will, the notary will also register your will in the Register of Testamentary Dispositions of the Chambre de notaires du Québec. As the notary must keep the original in a safe place, it is protected against loss or damage and may easily be traced after the testator’s death. A holograph will is a document entirely handwritten and signed by the testator. When the succession is opened, the holograph will must be probated by a notary or a court. This procedure requires a sworn declaration by a person who is not mentioned in the will and is familiar with the deceased’s handwriting and signature. It also generates significant costs in addition to considerably delaying the liquidation of the succession. A will made in the presence of witnesses is a document that need not be written by the testator, but must be signed by the testator and two witnesses at the same time. It must also be probated by a notary or the court after the testator’s death. One of the witnesses will be called to confirm that the formalities are compliant. We invite you to contact a notary for more information.
Wills are confidential documents. Upon the death of the testator, only the persons affected by the succession may consult it. An heir may ask the liquidator for a copy of the provisions of the will that concern them. If a person is named as a legatee by particular title of material property identified in the will, they have the right to obtain information concerning their legacy. If they are designated the legatee of a share of the entirety of deceased’s property, they may request a full copy of the will, not just a part of it. Note, however, that since the entry into force of the new Code of Civil Procedure, notaries are required to inform the heirs and the persons who would have inherited in the absence of a will of the existence of a deceased’s will. If a notary refuses to do so, an application may be filed with the court. We invite you to search the Register of Testamentary Dispositions of the Chambre des notaires du Québec and the Barreau du Québec to find the name of the notary who executed the last will.
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8 resultsNotaries’ legal expertise enables them to advise you on all succession-related decisions, so that nothing is left to chance. The liquidator may also call upon a notary for guidance in the steps to take.
Wills and Successions / Your Notarial Services / The succession
Notaries are specialists in succession law and have all the required expertise to draft acts. They ensure that your will complies with the laws in effect and that it legally reflects your last wishes.
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As legal professionals in family law, notaries can be precious allies. They can analyze your situation and counsel you regarding your choice of matrimonial regime. A notary can also officiate your marriage and draw up your marriage or community of life contract. If you decide on a de facto (common law) union, the notary will also explain the protective measures that can be taken.
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Notaries are in the best position to inform, guide and protect you.
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The registers of testamentary dispositions and mandates of the Chambre des notaires allow the public to trace the last will or protection mandate.
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A notary will help you choose the matrimonial regime (partnership of acquests or separation as to property) that best suits your situation and needs. They can even adapt it to your needs, in compliance with the applicable rules.
Families and Couples / Your Notarial Services / Matrimonial regimes and family patrimony
The notary can assist you with implementing the tutorships of a person of full age, tutorships of a minor and assistance measure. The notray will help you understand the duties and obligations involved.
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